Forms of government

The form of government shapes relations between states and domestic politics.

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Parliamentary Republic Parlamentarische Republik
Democracy whose government rests on parliament; elections and coalitions decide the leadership.
Presidential Republic Präsidialrepublik
Democracy with a directly elected head of state who also leads the government.
Semi-Presidential Republic Semipräsidentielle Republik
Democracy with an elected president and a government that depends on parliament.
Constitutional Monarchy Konstitutionelle Monarchie
Democracy with a monarch as head of state; it is governed through parliament and elections.
Absolute Monarchy Absolute Monarchie
Autocracy: the monarch rules; succession is decided by the inner circle, not by elections.
One-Party State Einparteienstaat
Autocracy: one party holds power; changes of leadership are decided by the inner circle.
Theocracy Theokratie
Autocracy with religious state leadership.
Islamic Republic Islamische Republik
A state with elected bodies under religious leadership; in relations it counts as an autocracy.
Military Government Militärregierung
Autocracy led by the military, usually after a coup.
Transitional Authority Übergangsverwaltung
Transitional administration, for example under international supervision; neutral in relations.